How is new age India is turning to change those age oldproblems into opportunities. In the 1950’s and 60’s in newly independent India it wasessential to be self suffient as far as foodproduction was considered and answer to that was GREEN REVOLUTION, it did giveimmediate high results but it did have some long term impact. For a country that emerging from ravages of colonial rule, famine and lack of selfsuffiency in food production , geen revolution wasbreath of fresh air. It was marked by the introduction of HIGH YEILDING VARIETIESOF SEEDS , adoption of modern irrigation and agricultural technologies alongwith creating provision of finance for farmers, in addition repeal of taxes ondigging well and abolition of zamindari system1acted as a catalyst for the green revolution .
Consequently to the 1960’s and 70’s the production of theserials and grains surged but as the year passed the cost of this revolutionbecame apparent. Expert says excessive use of chemicals and fertilizers hasdegraded soil fertility in India. And the use of electric tube wells has depletedground water tables in several parts of India. For instance data shows that ground water resources are falling rapidly with NASA study estimate inthe rate of depletion at 1 meter every 3 years. India at present uses 230 to250 cubic kilometer each year groundwater more than U. S.
and China combined. More than 60% of irrigated agriculturedepends on ground water and its shrinking level was a serious challenge tofuture food security. In 2016 India produced more than 250 million tons of foodgrain but there is still somewhere to go before India to achieve selfsufiency . In a country with young and growingpopulation dropping level of ground water and shrinking fertile grounds make acase for more sustainable methods of agriculture.
Organic farming is a broad concept that involves use ofnatural fertilizers , and methods of crop and weed control as oppose tochemical and synthetic products. As we are staring at a future where we do nothave enough farmers, and where the top soil is washed away and deforestation ismajor aspect. Critics of organic farming always raise a question abouteconomic viability and the difficulty in scaling operations to produce enoughto feed the world. However I believe this is where the government plays thecrucial role. Ensured food security requires India to move away fromchemical and mono crop farminf and towards sustainable agriculture practices.
It is often been doubted as the silver bullet to meet thechallenges of agriculture globally, despite that the organic farming movementis still at an early stage around the world. For starters nearly around 50. 9 million hectares of land isclassified as organic agricultural land that is just around 1. 1% of totalglobal agricultural land.
While Indiaowes 1. 2 hectares of organic agricultural land this accounts just around 0. 7%of total Indian agricultural land. The organic movement in the country howeverboost after SIKKIM was declared first organic state in 2016.
Data shows that withnearly 0. 6 million organic producers the highest globally , India producesaround 1. 24 tons of organic food. Worldwide organic products sales have increasedroughly 18 billion US dollars to almost 82 billion dollars over past 15years. while the US and Europe remain the dominant markets the share of Asian nationslike china as the market for food products is on the rise.
In India meanwhilethe size of organic food market is still small roughly at 0. 36 billion US Dollars, despite that it is market that growing of a rate nearly 25 – 30 % offering ahost of new opportunities. India is home for the largest number of organic producersglobally but still vast numbers of Indian farmers continue to followconventional practices relying pesticidesand chemical fertilizer and mono cropping to ensure higher yield. Proponents oforganic farming says that this is unsustainable they argued that the practicingof organic farming instead can cut input costs, fetch up premium produce andimproved soil fertility. However making change from conventional and organic is thateasy, for instance farmer often have to wait for three years for organicclassification for their product, this place is a serious financial burden onthem in the short term, given that organic food in the market of India is stillsmall. Organic farming In the UKHighest organic food consumer are from Europe, the European countriesgovernment has brought many schemes and strategies to help the farmers whopractices organic farming, there isalways new methods to support organic farming . In contrary to that the farmersin England have different rules and regulation to support the organic farming. However there is lack of government support, According to the New Environmental Management Scheme, this may support thefarmers bring new scheme , projects to encourage but environment being theprime preference.
But there is a high demand of organic food in recent years, Peoplein the UK are well aware of the essentials and importance of organicagriculture . The demand for organic products are high in the south west region. Limitation of organic farming· The nutrient content which is supposed to bepresent in the organic fertilizer may vary as per the material used from chemicalfertilizers.
· The duration of the soil to gain back itsnutritional value to organic fertilizer from chemical fertilizer may takelonger time.· The organic fertilizer may not give higher yieldcrop than chemical fertilizer.· The availability of organic fertilizer in largequantities is very less. 1 Zamindarmeans a man of the land or Landlord. They were sort of a micro-king who ruledtheir small territory by collecting taxes, running a court to resolve disputes, maintaining a military and building palaces. In most cases, they had to share abig chunk of their taxes with the Lord above them (possibly a local king).
Justlike you would pay income taxes to your government, you will pay taxes to yourlocal Zamindary, who will have a big control over your life. https://www. quora. com/How-do-you-explain-the-Zamindari-system-in-simple-words